Welcome to AWordOnFailure!

Here you'll find the hosts with the most on the entire interweb -- Paul and Alex. Now that we've been successful bloggers “online columnists” for months it seems prudent to put up a welcome message for you, our esteemed reader.

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While everyone on the interweb should be obligated to read all our posts, it isn't really necessary. In fact most of our posts are separate and distinct - so you can dive right into our gianormous archive of older posts and start with whichever one catches your eye... and then express your own view in a witty lil comment!!

And on a final note, we'd like to say our target audience is the average, reasonable, and rational, adult; the everyman everyperson. But, really, our target audience is just our fellow broken misanthropes.

Treatfest.

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A Sexual Position.

I realise my posts have been pretty heavy lately, showing videos of comedians crying, anguishing at the downfall of the American dream and the Palinbomb that threatens to scuttle my Obamadream. I guess I was scared that with the world ending and what-not, I needed to throw out some evidence that showed God, or Buddha or Captain Planet or whoever is in charge of the afterlife that I was a witty and opinionated kid that could really spruce things up around heaven. Anyway, long story short, the Large Hadron Collider is undergoing repairs (apparently some helium spilit) - so as I am freed from fearing my imminent destruction I can talk about what I've been wanting to talk about all along. Hookers.

Prostitution was legalised in New Zealand in 2003. It was pretty damn contentious when it was passed - cast, predicately, as a struggle of traditional morality against the progressive and dangerous forces of change. Arguments against the bill went something along the lines of 'It will undermine family values !! What will we legalise next- public parades with topless women in our streets! Will somebody please think of the children!!' Even in 2008, our media seems to get pretty excited everytime someone in a position of 'moral authority' is found to be moonlighting as a sex worker, and uses regulation government announcements about increased funding for tertiary education courses that reflect the job market to make banner headlines that scream 'ZOMG! THEYRE GOING TO FUND PROSTITUTE CLASS!!!1!', But to the best of my knowledge, New Zealand still exists - God has not smited us in a South-Pacific Sodom Style Smackdown. It isn't the job of the state to regulate the moral code of society and attempt to objectively determine what 'values' are good for all its citizens. The job of the state, in my view, is to ensure that all citizens are equipped with enough basic resources to be able to do what they damn well please. (or live according to their own conception of the good life, depending upon how lyrical I want to wax).

But arguments about the legality of prostitution should never be about whether it fits into an ethical or theological framework. This war over values, I think, detracted from the debate and lead to a law that is ultimately wrong and prevents our state from fufilling its other duty - to protect its members (no pun intended) from harm.

My biggest problem is that prostitution, in being legalised as a business, has been effectively lumped into the category of just another business. Therefore, as a business, prostitution is simply just a normal transaction between two fully informed fully consenting parties - just supply and demand, baby! I, a consumer, want bread -so I go to a baker and purchase bread at a price that she is willing to sell and where Im happy to buy. I, a consumer, want sex - so I go to a prostitute and purchase the use of her body at a price that she is willing to sell that I am willing to buy.

In most cases though, prostitution is not a case where both the buyer and seller in the transaction have the same level of 'choice'. While the buyer has made a decision that he/she have enough money, time and want to go out and pay money for a blowjob, the prostitute themselves is often someone who is forced into it through need to get money, often to raise a child, and has very little economic opportunites elsewhere. When kids are 5, they want to be astronauts or actors or firefighters or ponies. What they dont generally want to do is grow up and work in an industry where they, night after night, put themselves at the risk of a hideous STD and are forced to give up their bodily autonomy to some sweaty 350-pound, 44-year old Warhammer playing nymphomanic with a skin condition. People don't generally choose to be prostitutes for the lifestyle. They do it because they need the money.

Of course, the obvious response is 'well yeah, but people end up doing jobs that they dont like, or dont want to do, all the time, and the only reason they work those jobs is cos the money is so good, and they need that money to live. its called capitalism, u hippie.' Taking aside the unfairness of people like me being able to come to university cos Daddy had a bit of money stored in his mattress, and fuck around learning about Hegel's concept of geist, while people who didnt have the good fortune to have successful parents get to clean my toilet...this response just doesnt really work when it comes to prostitution. Sex is not a loaf of bread, or a sparkling toilet. (anyone who wants to make an appropriate metaphor linking all three things will be bought a beer, however.) It's different. It's different, because while all jobs require us to give up a right of freedom of movement, prostitution requires us to give up one of the most fundamental rights bestowed upon us - the right to bodily autonomy. The right that we do not allow any others to violate without our total free consent, and punish breaches of this right to bodily autonomy with our criminal justice system. I can't touch you - unless you tell me that I can. I can't kill and eat you - even if you asked me really,really nicely. And most crucially - I can't give you one of my kidneys in return for financial compensation, because we say that money is not something that can be valid consideration for the violation of this fundamental, incontestable right.

Yet, we're sweet about the routine violation of bodily autonomy the comes with the sex trade. To the point where, given that we have legitimized it as a profession, we would rather that young, vulnerable women (and men) are forced to subject themselves to the dangers of the job and the inability to choose who they give up the right of bodily autonomy too, instead of them signing onto a state-sponsored program of unemployment welfare. After all, our society looks down on the unemployed who 'bludge' off the tax dollars of hard working, employed citizens, when there is clearly work available in the labour market....

Prostitution forces the prostitute to give up the right of bodily autonomy in pursuit of the mighty dollar. Given the dangers that it subjects to the supplier, I do not believe it should be legitimized as a profession. But, that is not to say I am a fan of joining Pope-Bishop-ArchCardinal Tamaki and the loonies of Destiny Church (NZ's equivalent of the American evangelical movement) in calling for a return to the dark days of where a prostitute who was severely beaten and raped could not show up to the police station because she or he would be arrested on account of her job choice. So I'm going to suggest something quite controversial...that we recriminalise prostitution in New Zealand. BUT, when we convict people for the crime - we only convict the buyer. After all, the buyer in this transaction is the only person making a truly free and independant choice, not a choice subject to economic circumstances. So...even if there is a supply of prostitutes readily available (as there inevitably will be, no matter how many Merrill Lynch's collapse there will always be someone keen to be lynched by prostitutes, who may or may not be named Meryl - whether prostitution is legal or illegal, there are always people who will work for the money), the demander in the economic relationship knows they face criminal prosecution if they are caught. And the prostitute who is attacked by her client is able to seek appropriate justice in a court of law, without facing prosecution themselves.

This argument is probably filled with many holes, as I wrote this fairly quickly and its 2:17am. But I'd be pretty interested to get some debate going amongst both the readers of 'A word on failure' so let me know what you think.

And sorry for taking all the fun out of sex.

Alex

8 comments:

Will said...

I just spent about 20 minutes telling you why I disagree, then it didn't post. Here's the short version.

1) The role of the state is not to provide money for me to do as I damn well please (should my fellow citizens be forced to pay for my new Ferrari?) A much more plausible conception of the state's role in this respect is to provide the minimum required so that people do not die.

2) Levels of choice do not exist. Choice is an absolute condition - either I have a choice or I do not. If the welfare state I prefer in 1) did not exist, prostitution would still be a free choice - no one is forcing women to become prostitutes. If 1) did exist, then they have a far better set of options, in that they can choose to either become a prostitute, choose some other profession, or choose to survive on welfare. (Note that this also creates good disincentives to not be on welfare). Given that in NZ we have a far more extensive welfare state than 1), a woman's set of options are far far better.

3) Volenti non fit injuria. Consent is an absolute defence to a transgression of bodily integrity. I should be able to have you kill and eat me (although we should probably question whether I've sanely given my consent in such a case), I should be able to sell you my kidney (think what this would do for organ donation shortages), and euthanasia should be legal. It's not for a group of people who think they know more what's best for me than I do (= politicians) to place limits on my bodily integrity.

Likewise, a prostitute should absolutely be able to consent to a transgression of her bodily integrity. Prostitution is no different from professional rugby in this sense - the prostitute / Dan Carter consents to sex / being tackled because they're being well paid for it.

4) Who cares if society still looks down on prostitutes (I assume you've read the article in the Herald over the weekend about the teacher-prostitute)? Law shouldn't reflect the fact that certain members of society find prostitution distasteful, but protect definable rights.

Anonymous said...

Alex, I disagree... I don’t think I was particularly vocal at the time that that law came into effect, but I struggle to understand how limiting a person’s rights to do what they please, when it is 1.consented to by all parties involved and 2.of no concern and harm to anyone else can be a step in the right direction.

Certain people with differing views to myself can play the moral values card, personally I think that the law and morality are two separate areas and should not be of so much concern to one another.

Anyway, you say that the legalisation of prostitution was wrong because it failed to protect members of society, as in the prostitutes themselves(?)

Yet in the compromise that you offer, you say that there should be no legal ramifications for the women who would chose to work as prostitutes if it were to be de legalised. Women are bitches too you know, how about extortion on the part of the prostitutes themselves, pay me double or I will turn you in to the police...?

The scenario that you have put forward indicates that when a prostitute is attacked she can seek help but not face prosecution herself. Surely, as it stands at the moment, a prostitute would be less likely to be attacked when her profession is legal.

Prostitution forces the prostitute to give up the right of bodily autonomy in pursuit of the mighty dollar.

The guy above made a good point in that there is absolutely nothing stopping a woman from going on the benefit instead of becoming a prostitute, especially if she has a problem with giving up her bodily integrity in exchange for money.

Comparatively (sort of) if a person has a problem with abortion, an unplanned pregnancy does not have to end as such. Or if a doctor does not want to perform abortions then they surely don’t have to. Another area that is morally debateable, but so long as it is legal, it ultimately comes down to CHOICE.

Both actors have made a conscious choice, and I don’t think that you can say that the prostitute has been forced to do anything. It is a choice that she/he/it has chosen to make. And in doing so is probably more informed about it than most people are about significant decisions they make in their lives.

And well, life has got to be one hell of a lot worse for the guy (or gal) who left school at 15, can barely read or write, who has spent his life on minimum wage and at age 50 is still a forecourt attendant at Caltex Wellsford.

Given the dangers that it subjects to the supplier, I do not believe it should be legitimized as a profession.

A 55kg blonde in a mini skirt and heels is easy pickings for anyone who wishes to have their way with her and not pay unless she is under the care of a pimp. Aside from being extortion of sorts, the re criminalisation of prostitution will see the same situation recreate, whereby, the prostitution must pay for her physical protection.

Adding to this, is the danger of being pushed into prostitution due to a drug addiction, as an illegal trade the two were I believe (but don’t quote me on this) closely linked, to the point where prostitutes would find themselves ‘working’ solely to feed their addictions. The fact they could make money out of the situation had nothing to do with it.

Also:
As an illegal trade, the prostitute disappears, who notices?

Ok, say her pimp notices, he is not going to go to the police, for what he is doing is illegal.

Legalisation allows the trade to be regulated, it means when ‘Candy’ goes missing, the brothel she works in notices, or the people she knows, can go to the police.

It means that while she may not have absolute choice as to who she has sex with, the 350pound guy with the skin condition is sure as hell going to use a condom, he is not going to beat the crap out of her, and she will get paid and not have to hand half of it over to her pimp.

Adding to this, as someone wishing to purchase an hour of Candy’s time, you can be assured that she herself is clean, and if she isn’t and your bits fall off... misrepresentation anyone?

The danger that illegal prostitution poses to the ‘supplier’ is precisely the reason that I supported the legalisation of it in the first place, and is surely the reason why I am up so late writing this. (!!!)

And sex is comparable to a sparkling toilet insofar as it is better when clean... with no diseases brewing beneath the rim (too far??) which the legalisation of prostitution more or less ensures.

Aside from that, my brother just cut off his thumb and i suddenly realise what an asset the ACC scheme is. Illegal prostitution, including the scenario that you put forward, does not offer any form of compensation. I think that when you are relying on income from week to week, the safety net that an accident compensation scheme provides is absolutely necessary.

And finally, if you do feel inclined to pay for sex, as a legal occupation, instead of searching some dingy back alley off K Road, you can go to a well lit, clean location, in which the girls look like girls and actually get the chance to wash between clients. It’s going to happen, legal or not, so why not make it as pleasant and SAFE as possible for all involved. This is achieved by legalisation. Though in saying that, I am definitely interested in hearing anyone else’s thoughts.

Paul D said...

Really interesting post, Alex. Before I raise my own points, I want to comment on ones raised by Will. The points he makes about consent are off the mark; insofar as he misses the coercion aspect of things that, I think, you were trying to get at. So while the prostitute does (or should, I believe) have the ultimate choice to do what she wants, her state of affair (e.g. being a poor single mom) pressures her to make choices she might not otherwise feel the need to make.

One of the claims you (Alex) make about autonomy was that we do not allow any others to violate without our total free consent (and that this is an inalienable right). This isn't entirely accurate. For instance the police are permitted to take blood or breath samples for evidence or to test for levels of intoxication (or whatever) - they are cases where free consent isn’t required to breach a person's bodily autonomy. By saying your right to bodily autonomy is totally inalienable you're limiting the kinds of choices people are allowed to make. You seem to get at this when you say that I can't kill and eat you even if you ask (consent) that I do and this seems to be tantamount to exercising a degree of control over their bodily autonomy. So you’re saying it's not the case that they can do whatever they want with their own bodies, but rather that they are only permitted to do certain things to their bodies that are deemed permissible. You're limiting the range of choices available to them; you’re suggesting that they shouldn't be allowed to make certain kinds of choices because those choices aren't, in some sense, best for them. This is a means of control. (Note that, like the right to bodily autonomy, limiting the cases where people can have free choice is appropriate. Think of how we control people by preventing them from making and distribution hate speech. But prostitution is a case where the people should be allowed to make the choices they want.)

Ultimately, this comes down to choice and consent.

Will said...

Paul, you misunderstand what coercion and force are, or at least what I mean by force and coercion. You state "her state of affair[s] (e.g. being a poor single mom) pressures her to make choices she might not otherwise feel the need to make."

That my choices are limited by circumstances (arguably) beyond my control does not necessarily mean that I am forced into taking a particular course of action. A true situation of coercion will only arise when I have no other option but to act in a certain way, and as I explained in my original comment, there is always another option open to a potential prostitute.

In fact, you recognise this distinction when you use the word "pressures". Pressure is simply not force. And it's not just a semantic argument.

Will said...

Actually, having just thought about this some more, it may be that the key distinction is that force is always initiated by another person or body. But I'm not entirely sure about that.

Paul D said...

In response to Will's reply to my comment:

I believe you misinterpret what I said, or are being unclear. (I'm unsure why you're elucidating the distinctions between coercion, pressure, and force; I never mentioned force, as you describe it. I only explicitly talked about pressure and coercion.) In your original comment you said that "Levels of choice do not exist. Choice is an absolute condition - either I have a choice or I do not." Sure, but that's not even half the story. What, I believe, Alex was getting at is that some prostitutes are coerced (not forced, as you defined it) into making choices they might not otherwise make. In virtue of their state of affairs the 'easy' choice for them (to provide for themselves and their families) is to be a prostitute. This is relevant to the standing of prostitution.

While I agree that prostitutes aren't forced (as you use the term) into that line of work I believe they are sometimes coerced. We should consider how their choices are influenced/limited, as a result of that coercion, when we meaningfully discuss prostitution. Those considerations are relevant. The choices available to them aren't as black/white, clear, or as easy to make as I think you (intentionally or otherwise) tried to make them seem in your original comment.

Also, it seems perfectly reasonable to say that someone is forced to do something by the conditions of a situation; I don’t think force requires another person to initiate it to occur. I’ll also emphasize that I’m not using the terms here in a strictly legal sense (whether or not you are, I’m not sure).

Will said...

I apologise, I agree I have been unclear. Let me try to spell out what I mean.

I think force and coercion are the same thing (an absolute demand that something be done [from a third party]), and I think that pressure (a limiting of choices) is different.

I don't think that we (/ the state) should be concerned about people's reasons for acting if those reasons are merely pressures. First, there are too many pressures to be able to account for and remedy them all. Second, no one is responsible for them per se, so it is likely to be impossible to remedy them.

I think that we should be very concerned about people's reasons for acting if those reasons are the result of initiations of force. This is what the law is for.

If a woman does not / thinks that she does not have enough money to get by, and so decides to become a prostitute, I don't think it's the state's role to come along and deny her that opportunity. However if someone holds a gun to her head and says, "If you do not become a prostitute I will kill you" then I do think it's the state's role to stop that from happening.

Hopefully that's a bit clearer.

Alex said...

Fcuk, I just spent half an hour writing a long, convuluted and ultimately unfilling response.

Then my internet threw a fit, and it didnt post.

Now I have to go to class.

But brilliant debate on the topic! I felt woefully inadequate in responding, I cant elucidate my views into crisp, clear sentences as well as any of you. (although Will would probably say the reason for this is because its hard to be crisp and clear when you are wrong.

Just to clarify, I certainly dont think the state should take umbrage with you wanting to have sex with a stranger (or eat your friend) because it generally makes both of you happier. I definitely agree with Will that the law shouldnt reflect what some members of society find distasteful, but protect definable rights.

But within this 'definable rights framework' the question that I was trying to pose was 'Should financial considerations ALONE be sufficient reason to give up your bodily autonomy'.

That is to say that we are giving up our bodily autonomy not because it makes us happy (improves our utility to use economic phraseology, in fact it makes us unhappy, but we get a financial reward.

I don't think the law should take the position that your ability to choose what you do with your body should in some way tied to your economic position in society, that some people are able to choose to give up this fundamental right based solely based on what makes them happy and some people are forced to do what makes them unhappy cos they need the money. I suppose this position opens up a huge field of debate on 'society's duties to poorer members' and to quote will again 'a more plausible conception of the states role', but I think a discourse on inequality is best left for another day (when Ive learnt how to plagarise Rosseau without Will noticing).

Just on Will's Dan Carter analogy, point taken. All I can really say is the two situations arent really analogous. If you remove the money aspect, people freely consent to playing rugby for fun. If you removed the money aspect from prostitution, I think you'd find the pool of people who are willing to sit around promising to fuck the next person who asks regardless of who they are would be significantly smaller.


Lastly to Sam, I thought that my compromise wouldnt lead to the situations that you described, of getting beat up, of paying the pimp etc. My line of thinking went 'the criminalisation of prositution BUT only the buyer', will not only discourage people from demanding the service, thus reducing the amount of people pressured/forced/co-erced economically into a lifestyle where they are at greater risk of STD. But the prostitute also has the ability to seek justice if she is beaten or given an STD by a client who said he was clean. Hopefully, that acts as a disincentive against that kind of behaviour also. And the ability of the prostitute to extort money etc could be another disincentive. Also great (if guh-ross) metaphor, and I agree that all brothels should be well-lit, clean with good showers. Grafton Hall, for example, would not make a good brothel.

Oh fuck, I just missed half my class. Keep up the debate guys! (although arent u due to write a post of ur own soon Paul?)

Alex